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    No. 21 - May/mai 2002
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    THE REFUGEE CONVENTION, WHERE TO FROM HERE?
    LES REFUGIES CINQUANTE ANS APRES LA CONVENTION DE GENEVE DE 1951


    Guest editor / sous la direction d' Eileen Pittaway
    with the collaboration of Cheryl Lange


    EDITORIAL

    Refugees in the twenty-first century, a humanitarian challenge / Les réfugiés au vingt et unième siècle, un défi humanitaire by Eileen Pittaway


    ARTICLES

    Refugees in a global context
    Les réfugiés dans un contexte global


    Whither the refugee convention? - a new perspective for the 21st century by Michael Head

    The reluctant host: the socio-cultural impact of refugees on developing communities by Sanjugta Vas Dev

    "Persons persecuted for political reasons shall enjoy the right of asylum...": asylum policies in Germany - myths and realities by Michael Uricher

    Measuring refugee malnutrition in the under-fives: pitfalls in practice by André Renzaho, Cate Burns & Daniel Reidpath

    Responding to globalization: refugees and the challenges facing Australian schools by Pam Christie & Ravinder Sidhu

    Ni d'ici, ni d'ailleurs ? Analyse du processus de construction sociale de l'apatridie de Cécile Pacaud

    Les réfugiés dans la littérature française du vingtième siècle: un survol de Jean-Marie Volet

    Experiences of refugees & asylum seekers
    Le vécu des réfugiés et demandeurs d'asile


    The root causes of refugee flows in a global context by Fatmata Lovetta Sesay

    Australia's treatment of on-shore asylum seekers by Fethi Mansouri

    Trauma strikes the soul: an attempt to explore and understand the impact of the temporary protection visa on clients in New South Wales by Pearl Fernandes

    Ethnicity, community and identity: the process of community-building among recently arrived Bosnian refugees in Western Australia by Val Colic-Peisker

    Finding joy: an exploration of the necessity of leisure in the resettlement process for two refugee women by Lee-Anne Hall & Monique Huyskens

    Les réfugiés politiques face à la naturalisation de Anne Morillon

    Australia's treatment of refugees & asylum seekers
    Réfugiés et demandeurs d'asile en Australie


    Refugees and asylum-seekers in Australia: border-crossers of the postcolonial imaginary by Sonia Magdalena Tascón

    Protecting refugees: alternatives to a policy of mandatory detention by Alexander W. Nicholas

    Australia and asylum-seekers: is a policy of protection in the "national interest"? by Jacqueliene Bailey

    White Australia to detention: restriction and racism by Don McMaster

    The road to mandatory detention 1855-2001 by Kenneth Rivett

    The psychological treatment of refugees and asylum seekers: what does the literature tell us? by Robert Schweitzer, Lisa Buckley & Donata Rossi

    Staring into the abyss: confronting the absence of decency in Australian refugee law and policy development by Jane Stratton & Siobhán McCann

    INTERVIEWS

    Exil, violence et mort ambiante ou la nécessité de quitter l'Afrique? Un entretien avec Marie-Léontine Tsibinda, femme de Lettres congolaise exilée au Canada

    COMPTES RENDUS - BOOK REVIEWS

    "Malika Mokeddem : envers et contre tout" (Collection of studies edited by Yolande Aline Helm) Book review by Jean-Marie Volet

    WEB LINKS - LIENS SUR LA TOILE


    International refugee organisations
    Organisations internationales pour les réfugiés


    Convention relative au statut des réfugiés Convention adoptée le 28 juillet 1951, à Genève

    United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR was established on December 14, 1950 by the U.N. General Assembly and began its work on January 1, the following year.

    International Organisation for Migration (IOMI) International organization for migration to assist in meeting the growing operational challenges of migration management

    Amnesty International: Refuge! How is a refugee made? Behind every news story of refugees arriving at a border point, beach or airport lies a human rights tragedy.

    Medecins Sans Frontières The basic needs in a refugee camp : a virtual tour

    Service Jésuite des Réfugiés JRS est est une organisation catholique internationale ayant pour objectif d'offrir une aide pratique et spirituelle aux réfugiés, sans distinction de leurs croyances religieuses.

    Refugee Law Center The Refugee Law Center (RLC) is a non-profit organization devoted to strengthening the human rights of refugees and immigrants through legal representation, research, educational initiatives, and policy development

    Womens Commission for Refugee Women and Children The Women's Commission is an expert resource and advocacy organization that monitors the care and protection of refugee women and children under the auspices of the International Rescue Committee

    Refugee Women's Network Network addressing domestic violence prevention within refugee communities, micro enterprises, and international events

    British Refugee Council The Refugee Council (registered as the British Refugee Council) was formed in 1981 from a merger between the British Council for Aid to Refugees (BCAR) and the Standing Conference on Refugees (SCOR)

    Conseil canadien pour les réfugiés Organisme de regroupement sans but lucratif qui se voue à la défense des droits et à la protection des réfugiés, au Canada et dans le monde, et à l'établissement des réfugiés et des immigrants au Canada

    Centre for Refugee Studies (York University, Canada) Centre engaged in research on refugee issues.

    Refugee Studies Centre (Oxford University, England) British research Centre engaged in multidisciplinary research and teaching on the causes and consequences of forced migration

    RefugeeNet European Union (EU) Network on Reception, Integration and Voluntary Repatriation of Refugees

    European Council on Refugees and Exiles ECRE is an umbrella organisation of 72 refugee-assisting agencies in 28 countries working towards fair and humane policies for the treatment of asylum seekers and refugees.

    Publications
    Revues


    Refuge Quarterly inter-disciplinary, refereed journal published by the Centre for Refugee Studies at York University, Canada.

    Forced Migration Review Forced Migration Review is a 48-page magazine published three times a year in English, Spanish and Arabic. Produced in collaboration with the Global IDP Project of the Norwegian Refugee Council

    Les Cahiers du Cériem Revue publiée par le Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Relations Inter-ethniques et les Minorités (CERIEM) de l'Université Rennes II, France

    Hommes et migrations Revue devenue bimestrielle en 1997 gardant de son histoire (qui remonte à 1960) et des enseignements de son fondateur Jacques Ghys un goût prononcé pour la pluralité des opinions.

    Databases
    Banques de données


    American Association for the Advancement of Science's Directory of Human Rights Resources on the Internet Links to independently maintained sites throughout the Internet

    UNHCR REFWORLD Databases, containing Country of Origin Information and Legal Information compiled by UNHCR and consisting of carefully selected reports and documents

    News and updates
    Infos et communiqués de presse


    Human Rights Watch News, press releases and commentaries

    Refugees International Reports of field representatives in various countries

    World Refugee A comprehensive global news site about refugees proposed by the Word News Network

    International Conference, "Where To From Here?" Sydney, 6-9 December 2001 Conference report available upon request from [email protected]

    Australian refugees
    Réfugiés en Australie


    Refugee Council of Australia Information on ways to help; current issues; Australia's refugee program; statistics; alternatives to detention; coming events; publications and position papers.

    Centre for Refugee Research Information on current issues and events, projects and training programs

    Australian National Committee on Refugee Women (ANCORW) Information on current projects and recent conferences in Australia.

    Australian Human Rights Information Centre Links to a number of sources/articles relevant to refugee law in Australia

    AustCare Information on AustCare's international refugee assistance programs, education issues and campaigns, events and publications and how to help

    AUSTRALIAN COMMUNITY-RUN WEBSITES

    Australians for Just Refugee Programs An umbrella organisation working on a national campaign strategy to achieve just and compassionate treatment of refugees, consistent with the human rights standards which Australia has developed and endorsed.

    Australia Cares: Supporting the Detainees A site from people who believe that the Australian Government's treatment of asylum seekers cries out to be challenged

    Children Out of Detention Group of parents and citizens opposed to the mandatory detention of children in Australian immigration detention centres

    Spare Rooms for Refugees (Victoria) Invitation to register your willingness to house a refugee or a refugee family in a house or flat of your own

    Rural Australians for Refugees Informal group of concerned citizens prepared to work hard to turn Australia away from an inhumane and bizarre policy towards refugees

    REPORTS

    Commonwealth of Australia Ombudsman's report Report of an Own Motion Investigation into the Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs' Immigration Detainees Held in State Correctional Facilities, March 2001. This report examines the justification for the policy, and the relationship between the policy and practice of mandatory detention in Australia.

    Report on the Human Rights Commissioner's Visit to Curtin Immigration Reception and Processing Centre, Australia This report documents the Human Rights Commissioner's observations of Curtin Immigration Reception and Processing Centre in July 2000. [Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission]

    Sea Change: Australia's new approach to asylum seekers US Committee for Refugees Issue Paper, February 2002

    Adrift in the Pacific: The Implications of Australia's Pacific Refugee Solution Detailed analysis of "Australia's Pacific Refugee Solution", Oxfam Community Aid Abroad, February 2002

    CONFERENCES


    Studies assoication of Australasia and the Pacific (AFSAAP) Conference 2002: Africa Challenging Globalisation. Macquarie University Sydney. October 2-5th October 2002






    MOTS PLURIELS est une revue électronique de caractère international. Elle est ouverte aux universitaires intéressé(e)s par le domaine des Lettres et désireux/ses de donner leur point de vue sur les questions brûlantes de notre temps. Un comité de lecture examine tous les manuscrits reçus et décide de leur publication.

    Les thèmes retenus pour les prochains numéros sont:

      * Etre enfant en Afrique . Ahmadou Kourouma dédie son dernier livre, Allah n'est pas obligé, aux enfants de Djibouti. S'il donne la parole comme l'avait déjà fait Ken Saro Wiwa dans Sozaboy à un enfant très jeune, c'est que ces enfants-là, oubliés du monde, lui ont expressément demandé de parler en leur nom. Ce choix relève donc moins de la littérature que d'un constat terrible sur l'Afrique actuelle que Ryscard Kapucinski résume clairement dans Ebène: "Dans les zones où les combats durent depuis des décennies [...] la majorité des adultes a péri depuis longtemps sur les champs de batailles [...] Il ne reste plus que des enfants et ce sont eux qui font la guerre". Ces enfants-soldats tentent même des coups d'état, tandis que d'autres enfants affamés errent de pays en pays, au gré des trafiquants d'esclaves. Tanella Boni posait bien le problème dans un article récent: "Les enfants et les adolescents grandissent avant l'âge. Le poids des événements les oblige à ouvrir les yeux sur un monde sans foi ni loi. Ils constatent alors, comme le fait Birahima, que la justice divine n'a rien à voir avec celle des hommes. [...] L'enfant [devient alors] un mutant qui perd ses points de repère et en invente d'autres". Ce numéro de Mots Pluriels se propose de tenter une approche multidisciplinaire de cette question d'une actualité brûlante et d'essayer une analyse de la "mutation" en cours sous tous ses aspects. La question pourrait être abordée sous les angles les plus divers: littéraire, mais aussi historique, sociologique etc. sans toutefois oublier l'extrême diversité du continent africain, où coexistent les situations les plus disparates. Dans quelle mesure est-il encore possible d'offrir une image positive de l'enfance en Afrique aujourd'hui? Dans quelle mesure la place occupée par les enfants dans les sociétés africaines du passé était-elle différente de celle d'aujourd'hui? Quels sont les éléments qui déterminent le devenir des enfants qui grandissent en Afrique aujourd'hui? (En collaboration avec Madeleine Borgomano). Date limite pour l'envoi des manuscrits: 15 Avril 2002.

      * Traduire le vécu : l'autobiographie entre langues et cultures. Dans le monde entier, on assiste de nos jours à un renouveau d'intérêt pour les autobiographies, en particulier celles qui témoignent d'une expérience inter-culturelle en relation avec l'immigration, la post-colonie, les racines identitaires etc. Comme le dit le professeur coréen-américain Young Yun Kim: "Des millions de personnes quittent l'endroit où ils se trouvent chaque année. Les immigrants et les réfugiés s'installent ailleurs, à la recherche d'une nouvelle vie ... et dans un monde de plus en plus intégré, la question d'adaptation inter-culturelle devient essentielle" . Pénétrer dans un nouvel univers culturel et linguistique exige de "traduire ce que l'on est" et dans la foulée de réévaluer son propre univers conceptuel et émotionnel. Ce numéro de Mots Pluriels a pour but d'explorer l'univers de l'écriture autobiographique contemporaine en mettant l'accent sur les diverses manières dont les auteurs ayant été appelé à réconcilier des origines socio-culturelles diverses traduisent leur expérience de la relation entre langue, culture et ethnicité.
      Des études universitaires et des témoignages personnels touchant entre autres aux domaines suivants sont envisagés:
      - Langue, exil et self-identité diasporique;
      - L'hégémonie des langues "coloniales" (Français, Anglais, etc..) et la question du monolinguisme/monoculturalisme;
      - Les relations inter-générations et les dynamiques cross-culturelles au sein des familles sédentarisées et immigrantes;
      - Les effets d'une éducation en lange étrangère, c'est-à-dire différente de la langue maternelle, et la question du bilinguisme et du biculturalisme;
      - Mélange racial, troisième espace, et expériences individuelles;
      - Culture dominante versus culture minoritaire, oppression, assimilation, choix;
      etc...
      Comme le veut la tradition de Mots Pluriels, des travaux ayant trait à l'Afrique sont encouragés et les articles peuvent être soumis en français ou en anglais. (Dirigé par Maureen Perkins et Mary Besemeres). Date limite pour l'envoi des manuscrits: 15 décembre 2002.

      * Reflexion sur la Science, les Lettres et les Sciences Humaines. Un numéro débat (commentaires et discussion d'un article de fond d'Emmanuel Dongala, romancier et professeur de chimie), est prévu en 2003. Les personnes intéressées à commenter le texte de cet éminent intellectuel sont priés de le signaler à la rédaction de "Mots Pluriels" qui reprendra contact avec elles lorsque le texte sera disponible.

    Des articles d'environ 4000 mots explorant l'un de ces thèmes peuvent être envoyés par email ou sous forme imprimée à la rédaction de Mots Pluriels. Les contributions peuvent être écrites en français ou en anglais. Il est possible d'inclure quelques images pour illustrer le texte.

    Pour la présentation des notes de bas de page et d'une éventuelle bibliographie, prière de se référer aux articles de ce numéro et aux numéros précédents.

    *****

    MOTS PLURIELS is a refereed electronic and international journal open to literary-minded scholars wishing to share their points of view on important contemporary world issues. Manuscripts are reviewed by expert readers and publication is dependent on their approval.

    Themes for the next issues will comprise:

      * Being a child in Africa Ahmadou Kourouma dedicates his latest novel, Allah n'est pas obligé, to the children of Djibouti. If he gives a very young child the opportunity to speak (as does Ken Saro Wiwa in Sozaboy), it is because these children, whose plight has been forgotten by the world, specially asked him to speak in their name. In this sense, Kourouma's choice is not so much literary but rather a dreadful acknowledgement of the state of Africa today: a state well encapsulated in Ryscard Kapucinski's Ebène: "In areas where fighting has been going on for decades ... the majority of the adult population has long been dead, killed on the battlefields ... Only children are left and it is now they who are fighting the war". These child-soldiers even attempt military coups, whilst other starving children, oblivious to national borders, roam the continent and are left to the mercy of slave traders. Tanella Boni comments: "Children and teenagers grow up before their time. The weight of events obliges them to open their eyes to a world which fears neither God nor man. Like Birahima, they can see for themselves that Divine justice is unrelated to worldly justice. And so, children become mutants who have lost all points of reference and who must devise new ones". The purpose of this issue of Mots Pluriels is to critically analyse this problem from the points of view of various disciplines and perspectives, keeping in mind the rich diversity of the African continent where disparate situations exist side by side. To what extent is it possible to present a positive view of childhood in today's Africa? To what extent is the place of children in today's African society different from that of the past? What are the factors which determine the future for children growing up in Africa today? (In collaboration with Madeleine Borgomano). Deadline for submissions: April 15, 2002.

      * Translated Lives: Autobiography Between Languages and Cultures In recent years there has been a surge of interest in autobiography worldwide, not least in autobiographies that testify to cross-cultural experience from immigrant, post-colonial, indigenous and other perspectives. As Korean-American scholar Young Yun Kim writes: 'Millions of people change home every year, crossing cultural boundaries. Immigrants and refugees resettle in search of new lives .... In this increasingly integrated world, cross-cultural adaptation is a central and defining theme.' Entering a new language and culture involves 'translating one's self' and reassessing one's emotional and conceptual world in the process. The aim of the proposed issue of Mots Pluriels is to explore the contemporary arena of cross-cultural-life writing, with a particular focus on how autobiographers engage with experiences of translation between languages, cultures, and ethnicities.
      We would welcome scholarly and/or personal essays, from a range of conceptual perspectives that could explore the theme in terms of:
      - Language, exile and identity: the diasporic self;
      - The cultural hegemony of global or colonial languages (e.g.. English, French) and challenges to monolingualism/ monoculturalism;
      - Intergenerational and cross-cultural dynamics within the immigrant and non immigrant family;
      - Education in a non-native language: undermining or transforming cultural/ ethnic identity? and the politics of bilingualism and biculturalism (e.g.. bilingual education);
      - Mixed-race life narratives, third space and crossing cultural or linguistic boundaries;
      - Minority versus majority culture; assimilation as oppression/ as escape;
      etc...
      In line with the Journal's tradition, work relating to African experience is encouraged and articles in both French and English are welcomed. (Guest editors : Maureen Perkins and Mary Besemeres). Deadline for submission : December 15, 2002.

      * Reflection on Science, Literature et the Social Sciences. An issue of "Mots Pluriels", planned for 2003, will centre on commentaries and discussions of a lead article by Emmanuel Dongala, celebrated novelist and Professor of Chemistry. People interested in commenting on the subject text, yet to be submitted, are invited to notify their intention to the Editor of "Mots Pluriels". Those who have notified their intention to do so will be contacted just as soon as the text becomes available.

    Short articles (about 4000 words) dealing with any of the issues mentioned above can be sent to the Editor by email, or posted to the address below. Articles can be in English or French. A few pictures can be included to illustrate the text.

    Contributors who wish to include footnotes and a bibliography are asked to follow the examples provided in this issue of Mots Pluriels.


    Administration:

    MOTS PLURIELS
    Jean-Marie VOLET, Editor
    The University of Western Australia
    Department of European Languages and Studies
    French Studies
    Nedlands
    Western Australia
    6907

    Support from the Australian Research Council is acknowledged.

    Editorial Board:

    Tanella Boni, Universit� Nationale de C�te d'Ivoire
    Philip Dwyer, The University of Newcastle
    H�l�ne Jaccomard, The University of Western Australia
    Peter Limb, Michigan State University
    Amadou Ly, Universit� Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
    Daniel Tchapda, Douala
    Tim A. Unwin, The University of Bristol

    Editorial Consultants:

    Gary Baines, Loretta Baldassar, Eileen Baldry, Richard Bales, June Bam, Denis Boak, Patrick Bond, Madeleine Borgomano, Sue Broomhall, Leah Burns, Marie-Claude Buegge-Meunier, Antoine Bullier, Leah Burns, Marguerite Chesbrough, Jenny de Reuck, Lance Donaldson-Evans, Laurent Dousset, Paul Dunham, Vincent Engel, Charlie Fox, Anne Freadman, Edward Freeman, Rangira Béatrice Gallimore, Cherry Gertzel, Antony Gray, Stephanie Green, Michel Guissard, Agnes Hafez-Ergaut, Pen Hetherington, Henri Jeanjean, John Kinder, Ambroise Kom, Fernando Lambert, Cheryl Lange, Ann-Claire Larsen, Jane Long, Alexandra Ludewig, Catherine Macdonald, Gale MacLachlan, Ian Magedera, Ken McPherson, Anne-Marie Medcalf, Guy Ossito Midiohouan, David Moody, Colin Muller, André Ntonfo, Beverley Ormerod, Noakes, Bert Peeters, Mark Pegrum, Maureen Perkins, Elizabeth Pickering, Linda Pontré, Elizabeth Rankin, Peter Reeves, Dennis Rumley, Paul Sendziuk, Abbu Siddique, Tony Simoes da Silva, Antoine Socpa, John Stella, Zachary Steel, Alexie Tcheuyap, Micheline van der Beken, Nii Wallas Bruce, Joan Wardrop, Toby Watkins, Terri-Ann White, Brian Willis, Phillip Winn, Martin Wittenberg, Jennifer Yee, Anthony Zwi.

    The views expressed in contributions to this Journal do not necessarily represent those of the Editors.

    Mots Pluriels
    is archived by the Australian National Library and is publicly available in the PANDORA Archive.



    A consulter...
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    Editor ([email protected])
    Last updated: May 2002
    https://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP2102index.html


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